收入与票价水平对通勤出行影响的机理研究

Mechanism for Impact of Income and Fare Levels on Commuters Travel

居民收入与票价水平的关系直接影响乘客使用地铁的通勤出行行为。根据现有票价对通勤出行影响的研究基础,首先定义了票价水平,然后对北京、广州,天津、武汉,大连、长春进行调查,要求乘客按照日常实际通勤行为回答,通过建立偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(partial least squares structural equation modeling, PLS-SEM)和中介模型,分析不同类型城市票价对通勤出行的影响机理。结果显示:票价合理性会影响知觉价值进而影响出行意向。其中,单次票价对知觉价值的影响依次为新一线城市(0.862),一线城市(0.838),二线城市(0.782)。单次票价通过票价水平即票价可负担性对知觉价值产生影响,票价可负担性在单次票价对知觉价值的影响中起中介效应。中介效应占总影响的比例依次为一线城市(57.3%),新一线城市(45.2%),二线城市(40.2%)。

The relationship between residents′ income and ticket prices directly affects the commuting choice of urban rail transit passengers. According to existing researches on the impact of ticket prices on commuting travel, the level of ticket price is defined firstly. Secondly, based on the investigation of Beijing, Guangzhou, Tianjin,Wuhan, Dalian and Changchun, passengers are required to answer the questions based on daily commuting behavior, and a PLS-SEM model and a mediator model are established to analyze the influence mechanism of ticket prices on commuting travel behavior in different types of cities. The result of study shows the influence mechanism that the rationality of ticket prices affects perceived value and then travel intention. Among them, the effect of ticket price per person on perceived value is new first-tier cities(0.862), first-tier cities(0.838), secondtier cities(0.782). Ticket price per person affects perceived value through the ticket price level, namely the affordability of ticket prices, and the affordability of ticket prices plays a mediating role in the impact of the ticket price per person on perceived value. The mediation effect as a proportion of the total impact is first-tier cities(57.3%), new first-tier cities(45.2%), second-tier cities(40.2%).