生态产品价值及实现路径的经济学思考

An Economics Analysis on the Value and its Implementation Paths of Eco-Products

生态产品的概念是在深化生态文明建设的时代背景下提出的,作为“两山”理论的实践抓手和物质载体,如何实现其价值是破解我国生态环境恶化、生态产品供给不足等社会主要矛盾的关键所在。在梳理生态产品及其价值属性概念的基础上,从经济学视角出发,运用马克思主义劳动价值论阐述了生态产品的价值来源和价值构成,分析了生态产品的供给主体和需求主体及其相互作用,研究了利润平均化下生态产品的生态资本化道路。随后基于福利经济学的“补偿原理”,比较了因自然资源的不合理开发导致全人类福祉减少而产生的两种生态产品价值的实现路径,探讨了生态产品价值在发展新阶段和新背景下的实现路径。

The concept of eco-products was put forward under the background of deepening ecological civilization construction.As the practical grasp and material carrier of the“Two Mountains”theory,how to realize the value of eco-products is the key to solve the main social contradictions such as the deterioration of China’s ecological environment and the insufficient supply of eco-products.Based on elaborating the concept of eco-products and its value attributes,this research focuses on the perspective of economics,using Marxist labor theory of value expounds on the source and composition of the eco-products value,analyzes the suppliers and the demanders of eco-products as well as their interaction,and investigates the ecological capitalization road of eco-products under the average profit.Finally,relying on the compensation principle in welfare economics,this research makes comparison analyses on two implementation paths of eco-products value caused by the loss of human welfare due to the unreasonable exploitation of natural resources,and discusses the implementation paths of eco-products in the new stage of development and background.