紫穗槐蜂蜜理化指标及挥发性成分测定与分析

Determination and analysis of physicochemical parameters andvolatile compounds in Amorpha fruticosa honey

为研究中国特色紫穗槐蜂蜜的品质特性,采用现有标准方法对紫穗槐蜜的理化指标(水分、酸度、淀粉酶值、5-羟甲基糠醛、还原糖、蔗糖)进行测定。采用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱技术对紫穗槐蜜的挥发性成分进行测定。通过对理化指标和挥发性成分进行分析,结果表明,8批紫穗槐蜂蜜样品水分含量为15.5%~17.8%,酸度为14.8~25.8 mL/kg,淀粉酶值为27.2~70.6 mL/(g·h),5-羟甲基糠醛含量不超过28.7 mg/kg,还原糖含量为65.9%~71.1%,蔗糖含量不超过2.42%,各项指标均符合国家和行业标准要求。紫穗槐蜂蜜中共发现挥发性物质78种,主要包括醛类、醇类、酸类、萜烯类、芳香类等,含量较高的物质为苯乙醇、苯乙醛、壬醛等。综合而言,紫穗槐蜂蜜具有酶值高、挥发性成分丰富的特点。

The physical and chemical parameters of Amorpha fruticosa honey were determined based on several published standards in this study.The volatile compounds in A.fruticosa honey were detected by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.The results showed that the contents of moisture,acidity,diastase number were in the range of 15.5%-17.8%,14.8-25.8 mL/kg,27.2-70.6 mL/(g·h),respectively.The 5-hydroxymethylfurfural concentration was less than 28.7 mg/kg.The sum of the fructose and the glucose ranged from 65.9%to 71.1%,and the sucrose content was less than 2.42%.The physical and chemical parameters of A.fruticosa honey all meet the requirements of national and industry standards.Seventy-eight different volatile compounds were tentatively identified in A.fruticosa honey,and the aldehydes,alcohols,acids,terpenes,and aromatics were the main components of volatile compounds,and the dominant compounds were phenylethyl alcohol,benzeneacetaldehyde and nonanal.In summary,the A.fruticosa honey has the characteristics of high diastase and abundant volatile compounds.