垃圾填埋渗滤液全(多)氟化合物赋存与去除研究进展

Research progress on the occurrence and removal of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)in landfill leachates.

全(多)氟化合物(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)是一类广泛存在、日益引起国内外关注的新微持久性污染物.近年来,PFASs已在全球垃圾填埋渗滤液中频繁检出,对生态安全与人体健康造成潜在威胁.本文系统综述了国内外废物填埋系统PFASs的来源,渗滤液赋存PFASs特征、影响因素及其去除方面的研究进展.总体上,垃圾填埋渗滤液赋存PFASs浓度水平跨越6个数量级(ng·L^(−1)—mg·L^(−1)),并呈现以短链PFASs为主的污染特征.降雨、渗滤液回灌、渗滤液理化性质等因素均会影响PFASs赋存特征,但具体影响机制尚未阐明.现有渗滤液处理工艺(生物处理、膜处理等)对PFASs的去除率可高达99.8%,但处理过程中仍存在前体物污染转化与副产物环境归宿不明等问题.本文还对该领域的前沿研究方向进行了展望,以期增进对填埋渗滤液赋存PFASs污染及其控制的科学认识,为填埋系统新污染物控制提供科技支持.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are a group of emerging and persistent pollutants which exist widely and attract growing attention globally.In recent years,PFASs has been frequently detected in landfill leachates globally,which pose a potential threat to ecological security and human health.This paper systematically reviewed the sources of PFASs in landfill systems,and the research progress in the characterization,influencing factors and the removal of PFASs in landfill leachates.Overall,the concentration levels of PFASs in landfill leachates have spanned six orders of magnitude of ng·L^(−1)—mg·L^(−1) and showed the major occurrence of short-chain PFASs.Rainfall,leachate recirculation,physical and chemical properties of leachate and other factors have been shown to influence the occurrence characteristics of PFASs,but the specific influence mechanisms have not been elucidated.The PFASs removal rates achieved by the existing leachate treatment processes(biological treatment,membrane treatment,etc.)can reach as high as 99.8%,but there are still some problems in the treatment process,such as the pollution transformation of precursors and the unknown environmental fate of treatment by-products.The frontier research directions were also prospected in this paper to improve the scientific understanding of PFASs pollution and control in landfill leachates,and to provide technical support for the control of PFASs pollution in landfill systems.