2021年北京市4区中学校外烟草销售情况调查

Investigation on tobacco sale stores nearby middle schools in 4 districts of Beijing, 2021

目的 了解北京市4个区中学校外百米内烟草销售点的分布、类型及向中学生售烟现况,同时与2015年《北京市控制吸烟条例》实施前2013年内部调查情况比较,评估条例实施5年效果。方法 从北京市4区中学名单中采用PPS抽样抽取87所学校,采用观察、暗访、访谈方法调查校外100 m范围内烟草售卖点的分布情况和对学生售烟情况。结果 31%(26/83)学校校外100 m有售烟点,与2013年67%(59/87)相比下降了54%(配对McNemarχ^(2)=22.62,P<0.05)。搜索到的38家售烟点,平均每所校外有(0.4±0.78)家售烟点,显著低于2013年的(1.46±1.43)(t=6.29,P<0.05),58%(12/38)售烟点悬挂烟草专卖零售许可证,低于2013年52%(66/128)(χ^(2)=4.70,P<0.05);55%(21/38)售烟点了解校门外百米范围内禁止售烟的规定,明显高于2013年的30%(38/128)(χ^(2)=8.37,P<0.05);34%(13/38)售烟点张贴“禁止向未成年人售烟”的标识,与2013年38%(49/128)对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2021年北京市4区校外存在一定数量的烟草销售点,增加了学生烟草获得便利性,但相比2015年《北京市控制吸烟条例》实施前显著好转,条例实施5年效果显著,建议执法部门继续加强执法力度和条例宣传,彻底取缔校外无证的售烟点。

Objective To investigate the distribution and types of tobacco salestores nearby middle schools in 4 districts of Beijing and the current situation of tobacco sale to middle school students, and to evaluate the effect of Beijing Smoking Control Regulations. Methods 87 middleschools were selected from4 urban District of Beijing by PPS sampling method, a field investigation was conducted by secret interviews and interviews, and SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results Cigarette storeswere found 100 metersoutsideof middle schools(31%,26/83)in Beijing, a decrease of 54% compared with 67%(59/87)in 2013(matched McNemar χ^(2)=22.62,P<0.05). The average number of smoking stores was(0.4±0.78) per school, significantly lower than thatin 2013(1.46±1.43)(t=6.29,P<0.05). 58%(12/38)of tobacco stores had tobacco monopoly retail license, lower than that in 2013(52%,66/128)(χ^(2)=4.70,P<0.05). 55%(21/38)of the selling stores were aware of the prohibition of smoking within 100 meters outside the school gate, significantly higher than that in 2013(30%,38/128)(χ^(2)=8.37,P<0.05). 34%(13/38)of cigarette sales stores posted signs of "No sale of cigarettes to minors",which showed no significant difference compared with that in 2013(38%,49/128)(P<0.05). Conclusion In 2021,there are a certain number of tobacco sales stores outside middle schools in 4 districts of Beijing, which will increase the convenience for students to obtain tobacco.The effect of "Beijing Regulation on Tobacco Control" is remarkable among 5 years, enforcement efforts should be stepped up to completely ban the store without tobacco monopoly license.