我国22省/市老年人健康生活方式现状分析及健康促进策略研究

Study on prevalence of healthy lifestyle amongChinese elderly in 22 provinces and the health promotion strategy for the elderly

目的 描述2014年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)中60岁及以上老年人的健康促进生活方式现状,并提出健康促进策略。方法 选取2014年CLHLS中60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象。现在不吸烟、不过量饮酒、饮食习惯健康、经常锻炼身体4项因素中每符合一项计1分,4项合计即为健康生活方式得分。采用非条件Logistic回归或线性回归,描述各项生活方式因素和健康生活方式得分的分布情况。结果 现在不吸烟、不过量饮酒、饮食习惯健康、经常锻炼身体的比例依次为83.4%、93.5%、7.3%和26.7%%。全部研究对象的健康生活方式得分均值为(2.10±0.71)分,84.0%的研究对象同时具备2~3项健康生活方式因素,2.3%的研究对象4项生活方式因素均健康。女性、75~岁年龄组、受教育年限较长者、东部地区、与家人同住、城市地区人群的生活方式相对更健康。结论 老年人健康生活方式水平存在人群和地区差异,老年人健康促进工作需要政府、社会、社区、家庭和个人的共同努力。

Objective To examine the prevalence of healthy lifestyle of the elderly in Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey(CLHLS)from 22 provinces, and to propose the health promotion strategy for the elderly. Methods Atotal of 7168 participants aged 60 years and abovewere included for analysis.One point was given for oneofhealthy lifestyles: not smoking at present time;alcohol drinking<25 g/day(men)or<15 g/day(women);diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes and fish, but low in red meat;doing exercise regularly.Thehealthy lifestyle score(HLS)was calculated bycounting the number of all the healthy lifestyle factors, with a range from 0 to 4.Unconditional logistic regression or linear regression was used to describe the distribution of lifestyle factors and HLS. Results Theprevalence rates in 4 kinds of healthy lifestyles(not smoking, not drinking too much alcohol, eating healthy and exercising regularly)were 83.4%,93.5%,7.3%,26.7%,respectively.The mean of HLS was 2.10±0.71.Most participants(84.0%)had2 or 3 kinds of healthy lifestyles, only 2.3%of the participantshad all healthy lifestyles.Participants who were women, aged 75 years old and above, higher education level, living in eastern region, living with family andurban residentswere more likely to adhere to the healthy lifestyle. Conclusion Levels ofhealthy 1 ifestyle varied greatly among theelderly withdifferent socio-demographic characteristics in different areas in China.The health promotion among the elderly needs the joint efforts from the government, society, communities, families and individuals.