徽州地区宗祠建筑的规划选址与绿色营建技术

Planning and Site Selection of Ancestral Temple Buildings in the Huizhou Area and Their Green Technology

我国地域性建筑具有鲜明的“形式本位”的特点,研究极具地域的传统绿色营建智慧,不仅是响应国家发展绿色建筑的号召,也是对建筑地域性的重视,对本土文化的追溯。基于对徽州地区宗祠建筑的追溯和传承,通过对徽州地区30座宗祠建筑的实地调研考察,分析总结出徽州地区宗祠建筑四种规划选址方式,包括:中轴核心、负阴抱阳、阴阳相悖和正寝之东,并进一步从外部环境到建筑本体,剖析归纳出徽州地区宗祠建筑的5个绿色营建技术,最后运用软件对其进行模拟验证。验证表明:加快宗祠建筑周围的换气通风、调节光照时长和排水方式,对其环境优化具有积极且重要的作用。

The regional architecture in China is of the strong features of form orientation.The study of traditional green construction wisdom with great regionality not only responds to the country’s calls to develop green buildings,but also pays attention to the regional characteristics of buildings and traces the local culture.Based on the tracing and inheritance of ancestral temple buildings in the Huizhou area,four kinds of planning and site-selection methods for ancestral temple buildings in the Huizhou area were analyzed and summerized investigated by 30 ancestral temple buildings in the Huizhou area,including the central axis core,“backing against Yin and facing to Yang”“reversing Yin and Yang”and“location in the east of the settlements”,and then,from the external environment to the buildings,five kinds of green techniques were analyzed and summarized.Finaly,simulation softwares were used to simulate and verify the construction effect.It could be seen that speeding up the ventilation around the ancestral temple buildings,adjusting the duration of light and the ways of drainage could play a positive and important role in optimizing the environment.