有氧运动对抑郁症患者认知功能干预效果的meta分析

A meta-analysis of effect of aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive functionin patients with depression

目的:系统评价有氧运动对抑郁症患者认知功能的干预效果。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO host、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库,收集从建库至2021年7月公开发表的有氧运动干预抑郁症患者认知功能的随机对照试验,采用Stata软件进行数据分析。结果:共纳入12项随机对照试验,985例抑郁症患者。Meta分析结果显示,有氧运动可改善抑郁症患者的视觉学习与记忆(SMD=0.30,95%CI:0.15~0.45,P<0.001)、执行功能(SMD=-0.37,95%CI:-0.66~-0.07,P<0.05),对信息处理速度、工作记忆、注意/警觉性、言语学习与记忆以及推理与问题解决改善效果不明显(均P>0.05);停止有氧运动干预后,试验组视觉学习与记忆评分与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);亚组分析结果显示,中、高强度并持续12~16周的有氧运动对视觉学习与记忆改善效果最佳(SMD=0.24、0.34、0.32,95%CI:0.01~0.48、0.14~0.54、0.15~0.49),中等强度并持续4~8周的有氧运动对执行功能改善效益最大化(SMD=-0.57,95%CI:-1.06~0.09)。结论:有氧运动对抑郁症患者不同认知功能具有选择性的积极影响,对视觉学习与记忆以及执行功能有相对更好的改善作用。

Objective:To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in patients with depressive disorder.Methods:The randomized controlled trial literatures on the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO host, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wan Fang Data.Results:Twelve studies were included with a total of 985 patients.Meta-analysis showed that aerobic exercise significantly improved the visual learning and memory(SMD=0.30,95%CI:0.15-0.45,P<0.001) and executive function(SMD=-0.37,95%CI:-0.66--0.07,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in processing speed, working memory, attention/vigilance, verbal learning and memory, reasoning and problem solving(Ps>0.05).Besides, after cessation of aerobic intervention, compared with the baseline, there was no significant difference in the scores of visual learning and memory and executive function between the experimental and control groups(P>0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise and 12-16 weekshad the best effect on the improvement of visual learning and memory(SMD=0.24,0.34,0.32;95%CI:0.01-0.48,0.14-0.54,0.15-0.49),moderate intensity aerobic exercise and 4-8 weeks could maximize the benefit of improving executive function(SMD=-0.57,95%CI:-1.06-0.09).Conclusion:It suggests that aerobic exercise has a selective positive effect on cognitive domains of visual learning and memory and executive function.