生物质电厂灰渣建材化应用

Application of Biomass Power Plant Ash as Building Materials

为解决生物质电厂灰渣堆存量大,利用率低、利用过程二次污染严重等问题,首先,通过利用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、X射线荧光(X-ray fluorescence,XRF)、热重-微分热重(thermal gravity-differential thermogravimetry,TG-DTG)、pH、粒度分析等常规分析方法对生物质电厂灰渣的理化特性进行了分析;其次,对比分析了生物质电厂灰渣建材资源化利用的方式和方法;最后,基于生命周期理论对生物质电厂灰渣建材资源化利用的环境效益和经济效益进行了分析。结果表明:生物质电厂灰渣富含SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)和Fe_(2)O_(3)等矿物,具有良好的火山灰活性,可直接进行建材资源化利用;目前生物质电厂灰渣的建材资源化主要利用方式是建材掺合料,陶瓷、黏土砖添加剂和路基填充材料;环境和经济评估结果表明生物质电厂灰渣的建材资源化利用不仅可实现灰渣的大规模、无害化利用,还具有良好环境和经济效益。虽然生物质电厂灰渣的建材资源化利用具有广阔的前景,但实现高掺量和大规模应用仍需进一步的研究。

In order to solve the problems of large stock,low utilization rate and secondary pollution of biomass power plant ash,firstly,the physical and chemical characteristics of biomass power plant ash were analyzed by using conventional analysis methods such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),thermal gravity-differential thermogravimetry(TG-DTG),pH and particle size analysis.Secondly,the methods of using ash residue from the biomass power plant as building material were compared and analyzed.Finally,based on the life cycle theory,the environmental and economic benefits of building material utilization of ash residue from biomass power plants were analyzed.The results show that the ash residue of the biomass power plant is rich in minerals such as SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3) and Fe_(2)O_(3) with good pozzolanic activity and can be directly used as building material.The main material utilization methods of biomass power plant ash residue are building material additives,ceramic,clay brick additives,and roadbed filling materials.Environmental and economic assessment results show that the material utilization of biomass power plant ash residue can realize large-scale and harmless utilization of ash residue and have good environmental and economic benefits.Although there is a broad prospect for biomass power plant ash residue material utilization,further research is still required to achieve high dosage and large-scale application.