大型无人机机场选址方法

Site Selection Method of Large Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Airport

随着大型无人机系统的技术发展越来越成熟,针对大型无人机专用机场的选址研究已经成为极具前瞻性的课题。根据大型无人机的运行特点,将大型无人机机场选址的复杂影响因素按其重要性和选址阶段性归纳为限制性因素、风险性因素、经济性因素3个等级,在此基础上,提出一种地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)、熵权法-优劣解距离法(entropy weight method-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,EWM-TOPSIS)模型、p-中值模型相集成的综合选址方法。首先,利用GIS的空间分析功能获取多个满足限制性因素的初选址区域;其次,利用熵权-TOPSIS模型从初选址区域中筛选出风险较小的预选址区域;然后,利用p-中值模型从预选址区域中确定经济性较好的终选址区域。通过对面向支线物流的大型无人机机场选址的案例分析,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性,极大地提高了选址的时间效率。

With the technical development of large unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)system becoming more and more mature,the research on the location of special airport for large UAV has become a very forward-looking topic.According to the operation characteristics of large UAV,the complex influencing factors of large UAV airport location were summarized into three levels:restrictive factors,risk factors and economic factors according to their importance and location stages.On this basis,a geographic information system(GIS),entropy weight method-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(EWM-TOPSIS)model integrated location method based on p-median model was proposed.Firstly,the spatial analysis function of GIS was used to obtain multiple initial location areas that meet the restrictive factors.Secondly,the entropy weight TOPSIS model was used to screen the prelocation areas with less risk from the primary areas.Finally,the p-median model was used to determine the final location area with better economy from the prelocation area.Through the case study of large UAV airport location facing branch logistics,the effectiveness and feasibility of this method are verified,and the time efficiency of location is greatly improved.