线性图标内部特征对视觉搜索的影响机理

Influence Mechanism of Internal Characteristics of Linear Icons on Visual Search

图标的视觉搜索在人机交互中起重要作用,线性图标是设计师广泛使用的图标形式。为探究线宽和亮度对比度的变化对线性图标搜索绩效的影响机理,采用经典搜索范式并进行眼动实验验证。实验a结果表明,图标线宽的主效应显著,当图标L_(长度)/S_(宽度)比值约为12%时,线性图标的搜索速度最快。实验b1通过具有连续数量级的亮度对比度变化发现:当图标线宽适中时,图标亮度对比度的主效应显著,可通过增加亮度对比度提高图标的视觉搜索效率,亮度对比度是认知绩效的主要影响因素;实验b2采用极小线宽值的线性图标作为亮度对比度实验刺激,结果发现在较高对比度区间内,对比度越高反应时间越长,说明过高的对比度显著影响了极小线宽值图标的视觉搜索,线宽和对比度之间存在交互效应。实验c通过眼动实验从视神经认知角度解释了实验b2中线宽和对比度存在交互效应的结论。研究表明,线性图标的线宽和对比度对视觉搜索效率产生显著影响。

Icon visual search plays an important role in human-computer interaction,and linear icons were a form of icons widely used by designers.In order to explore the influence mechanism of line width and brightness contrast changes on linear icon search performance,the classical search paradigm was applied in the experiments,and eye-tracking experiments were used for experimental validation.The results show that the main effect of icon line width is significant.When the ratio L_(length)/S_(width) of the icon is about 12%,the search speed of the linear icon is the fastest.Experiment b1 conducted a brightness contrast experiment with a continuous order of magnitude change,which found that the main effect of icon luminance contrast is significant when the icon line width is moderate,and the visual search efficiency of the icon could be improved by increasing the luminance contrast.Luminance contrast is the main influencing factor of cognitive performance.Linear icons with minimal line width values were used in Experiment c as luminance contrast experimental stimulus.It is found that in the higher contrast interval,response time lengthened as luminance contrast increase,which indicating that excessive luminance contrast significantly affected the visual research of the icons with minimal line width values.There was an interactive effect between line width and luminance contrast.From the perspective of optic nerve cognition,the eye movement experiments in Experiment c explained the interactive effect.The research results show that the line width and luminance contrast of linear icons have a significant impact on the efficiency of visual search.