船舶综合能源管理系统研究综述

Review of integrated energy management systems for a marine microgrid

随着传统能源日益短缺,船舶动力系统正向新能源化升级转型,但新能源出力的不确定性也为系统的经济、安全运行带来挑战。基于此,传统船舶能源管理已不再适用,综合型能源管理系统亟需归纳梳理。针对以上情况,从国内外新型智能船舶政策入手,对比分析了各国船舶能源管理系统发展情况。对典型能源管理拓扑和船舶微网拓扑进行梳理,并基于“互联网+智慧能源”的架构阐明船舶能源管理模式变革。总结分析了船舶综合能源管理的上层能源优化调度、底层协调控制策略以及与智能算法的应用结合。归纳了油-电混合动力推进、柴油机余热混合式推进、新能源电力混合动力推进3种典型船舶动力系统的应用架构。最后指出船舶的不确定性能源管控、多能源协同机制、数据驱动以及多层级EMS设计才是未来的发展趋势。

With the increasing shortage of traditional energy,ship power systems are upgrading and transforming to new energy.However,the uncertainty of new energy output also brings challenges to the economic and safe operation of the system.Based on this,traditional ship energy management is no longer applicable,and a comprehensive energy management system needs to be established.Given this,starting from the new smart ship policies at home and abroad,the development of ship energy management systems in various countries is compared and analyzed.The typical energy management topology and ship micro-grid topology are analyzed,and a major change in the model of energy management is clarified based on the architecture of"Internet+smart energy".The upper-layer energy optimization scheduling,the bottom-layer coordinated control strategy and the application combination with intelligent algorithms of ship comprehensive energy management are analyzed.Oil-electric,diesel engine waste heat,and new energy electric hybrid propulsion schemes are summarized.Finally,it is pointed out that with uncertain energy management and control of ships,establishing a multi-energy coordination mechanism,and using data-driven and multi-level EMS design are the future development trends.