摘要
干旱内陆河流域生态环境极其敏感、脆弱,从不同空间尺度阐明内陆河流域各种生态系统服务间的关系,可为流域生态修复和社会经济可持续发展提供科学参考。对讨赖河流域2000和2018年气候调节服务、生物多样性维持服务、土壤保持服务、水资源供给服务、提供美学景观服务、防风固沙服务及食物供给服务7种典型生态系统服务进行评估和分析,采用空间叠置法、叠加分析法、Pearson相关系数法及自组织特征映射(SOFM)神经网络法等,分别从栅格、流域、行政区及服务簇尺度上,对流域生态系统服务间的权衡与协同关系进行测度,并对其空间分布特征进行探讨。结果表明:(1)在栅格尺度上,2000—2018年研究区绝大多数栅格单元生态系统服务间由协同关系转变为权衡关系。(2)在流域尺度上,7种生态系统服务两两之间以协同作用为主,而土壤保持服务分别与水资源供给服务及防风固沙服务间则以权衡作用为主。(3)在行政区尺度上,各县(市、区)生态系统服务间以不同程度的协同作用为主,其中,以气候调节服务与食物供给服务之间的协同程度为最高。(4)在服务簇尺度上,7种生态系统服务的供给能力明显增强,簇内大多数生态系统间的关系由权衡关系转变为协同关系。研究结果可为决策者在不同空间尺度制定适宜的生态-经济协调发展策略提供科学依据。
The ecological environment of arid inland river basins is extremely sensitive and delicate.Clarifying the relationships between different ecosystem services in inland river basins from various spatial scales can offer scientific references for ecological restoration and socio-economic sustainable development of river basins.Considering the Taolai River basin as an example,seven typical ecosystem services,including climate regulation services,biodiversity maintenance services,soil conservation services,water resource supply services,availability of aesthetic landscape services,wind prevention and sand fixation services,and food supply services during 2000-2018 were analyzed.The trade-offs and synergies between watershed ecosystem services were assessed from grid-scale,watershed scale,administrative area scale,and service cluster scale,and their spatial distribution characteristics were discussed.Spatial superposition method,superposition analysis method,and Pearson correlation coefficient method as well as self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM)neural network method were employed to assess the trade-offs and synergies between watershed ecosystem services from grid-scale,watershed scale,and administrative district scale,and service cluster scale.Furthermore,their spatial distribution characteristics were explored.The following are the conclusions of this study.(1)On grid-scale,the ecosystem services of most grid units in the research area switched from synergies to trade-off relationships from 2000 to 2018.(2)At the watershed scale,the relationships among the seven ecosystem services are primarily synergistic,whereas the relationship between soil conservation system service,and both the water resource supply service,and the wind prevention and sand fixation service are primarily trade-offs.(3)At the administrative district scale,the ecosystem services of the counties and districts primarily had various degrees of synergies.The highest synergistic relationship was found between climate regulation service and food supply service.(4)At the service cluster scale,the supply capacity of the seven ecosystem services had been substantially improved.The relationships among most of the ecosystem services in the cluster switched from trade-offs to synergies.This study can offer a scientific foundation for decision-makers to develop suitable ecological-economic coordinated development techniques at various spatial scales.
作者
赵婷
潘竟虎
ZHAO Ting;PAN Jing-hu(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期839-850,共12页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金(42071216)
甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA145)。