农户与政府气候变化认知及适应措施比较研究——以河南省为例

Comparison of farmers′and governments′cognition and adaptation measures to climate change:A case study in Henan Province

基于河南省314家麦农和30个基层政府部门55名工作人员的实地调研数据,对农户和政府的气候变化认知与适应措施进行比较研究。结果显示,麦农和基层政府对气候变化及其对农业生产的影响具有较高的认知度。其中,对于气候系统的变化,麦农的认知度高于基层政府;对于气候变化的具体表现和气候变化对农业生产的影响,麦农的认知度低于基层政府。研究还发现,麦农和基层政府对气候变化适应措施的选择偏好不同。超过80%的小麦种植户采取了气候变化适应措施,但主要是增加农药化肥投入和增加灌溉等被动性适应措施,基层政府倾向选择营造农田防护林和推广农作物新品种等主动性适应措施。对于气候变化适应的政策支持,加强气候变化相关的教育和培训、推荐农作物新品种、暴雨和干旱预警是麦农和基层政府的共同选择。

Based on the field survey data of 314 wheat farmers and 55 workers from 30 grass-root government departments in Henan Province,this paper compared the farmers′and governments′cognition and adaptation measures to climate change.The results showed that wheat farmers and grass-root government workers had high awareness of both climate change and its impacts on agricultural production.With regard to changes in climate system,wheat farmers′awareness was higher than that of government workers;conversely,for the main manifestations of climate changes and the corresponding impacts on agricultural production,wheat farmers′awareness was lower than that of government workers.The study also found that wheat farmers and governments had different preferences for climate change adaptation measures.More than 80%of those wheat farmers had taken climate change adaptation measures,which are primarily passive adaptation measures,such as to increase inputs in pesticide,fertilizer,and irrigation.However,grass-root government officials mainly chose active adaptation measures,such as to build farmland shelterbelts and promote new crop varieties.Lastly,the common choices for the policy supports of wheat farmers and grass-root government workers were to enhance climate related education and training,to introduce new crop varieties,and to provide early warning of rainstorm and drought.