武汉市3~12岁儿童牙齿发育异常的分析

Analysis of Dental Developmental Anomalies in Children Aged 3-12 in Wuhan.

目的:探讨武汉市儿童牙齿发育异常的发生情况。方法:选择2021年2月~2022年2月来武汉第一口腔医院就诊的3~12岁儿童,最终纳入2848张曲面断层片,记录牙齿发育异常的情况,应用SPSS 26.0统计分析。结果:牙齿发育异常的总患病率为11.20%,男女间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。先天缺牙最常见(7.20%),女性多于男性(P<0.05),多发于下颌前牙区,其中乳牙缺失伴继承恒牙胚缺失的患病率为97.06%。多生牙的患病率为4.00%,男性多见(P<0.05),好发于上颌前牙区。牙瘤少见,患病率为0.07%。融合牙的患病率为1.23%,其中乳牙融合共25例,均为下颌乳侧切牙与乳尖牙融合;乳牙融合中伴继承恒牙胚缺失的患病率为92.00%,单侧多见。结论:儿童牙齿发育异常患病率较高,影像学早期筛查是儿童口腔诊疗中重要的环节。

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of dental developmental anomalies in children aged 3-12 in Wuhan.Methods:Children aged 3-12 who came to Wuhan First Stomatological Hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected,and 2848 panoramic radiographs were finally included to record the dental developmental anomalies.Results:The prevalence rate of dental developmental anomalies was 11.20%,and there was no significant gender difference(P>0.05).Congenitally absent teeth was common(7.20%),especially in females(P<0.05),and mostly occurred in the mandibular anterior teeth.The prevalence of absent deciduous teeth accompanied with the absent inherited permanent teeth germ was 97.06%.Supernumerary teeth(4.00%)was considerably common in males(P<0.05),and occurred most frequently in the maxillary anterior region.Odontoma was rare(0.07%).The prevalence rate of fused teeth was 1.23%,including 25 cases of deciduous teeth fusion,all of which were the fusion of mandibular deciduous incisors and deciduous canines.The prevalence rate of deciduous tooth fusion with the absent inherited permanent teeth germ was 92.00%,which was common on one side.Conclusion:The prevalence of dental developmental anomalies in children is high,and early panoramic radiograph is important.