面向感存算一体化的光电忆阻器件研究进展

Recent progress in optoelectronic memristive devices for in-sensor computing

脑启发神经形态计算系统有望从根本上突破传统冯·诺依曼计算机系统架构瓶颈,极大程度地提升数据处理速度和能效.新型神经形态器件是构建高能效神经形态计算的重要硬件基础.光电忆阻器作为新兴的纳米智能器件,因具备整合光学感知、信息存储和逻辑计算等功能特性,被认为是发展类脑视觉系统的重要备选.本文将综述面向感存算功能一体化的光电忆阻器研究进展,包括光电忆阻材料与机制、光电忆阻器件与特性、感存算一体化功能及应用等.具体将根据机制分类介绍光子-离子耦合型和光子-电子耦合型光电忆阻材料,根据光电忆阻特性调节方式介绍光电调制型和全光调制型光电忆阻器件,根据感存算一体化功能介绍其在认知功能模拟、光电逻辑运算、神经形态视觉功能、动态探测与识别等方面的应用.最后总结光电忆阻器的主要优势以及所面临的挑战,并展望光电忆阻器的未来发展.

Neuromorphic computing system, inspired by human brain, has the capability of breaking through the bottlenecks of conventional von Neumann architecture, which can improve the energy efficiency of data processing. Novel neuromorphic electronic components are the hardware foundation of efficient neuromorphic computation. Optoelectronic memristive device integrates the functions of sensing, memorizing and computing and is considered as a promising hardware candidate for neuromorphic vision. Herein, the recent research progress of optoelectronic memristive device for in-sensor computing are reviewed, including optoelectronic materials and mechanism, optoelectronic memristive device/characteristics as well as functionality and application of in-sensor computing. We first review the optoelectronic materials and corresponding memristive mechanism, including photon-ion coupling and photon-electron coupling type. Then optoelelctronic and all-optical modulated memristive device are introduced according to the modulation mode. Moreover, we exhibit the applications of optoelectronic device in cognitive function simulation, optoelectronic logic operation,neuromorphic vision, object tracking, etc. Finally, we summarize the advantages/challenges of optoelectronic memristor and prospect the future development.