中英美关于盟军中国战区统辖范围的交涉(1942-1945)

Negotiations between China,Britain and the United States over the Jurisdiction of the Chinese Theater,1942-1945

1942年初,对日作战各盟国经过协商,成立统辖中国、泰国和越南的盟军中国战区。1943年秋,英国主导成立盟军东南亚战区,并试图“侵蚀”盟军中国战区的统辖区域。其后,围绕盟军中国战区的统辖范围,中英美三国断续交涉近两年。在此期间,除军事方面的考虑外,中英两国还非常重视维护和加强各自在泰国和越南的影响力。与中英两国不同,美国着重考虑中国战区统辖范围调整对军事方面的影响。日本投降前后,在美国的调停下,中国被迫将泰国和越南南部划出盟军中国战区。中、英、美三国之间的交涉,不仅改变了盟军中国战区的统辖范围,而且对盟国战后受降也产生了深远影响。

In early 1942,the Allies fighting against Japan established the Chinese Theater commanding China,Thailand and Vietnam. In the autumn of 1943,Britain led the establishment of the Southeast Asian Command,and tried to“erode”the jurisdiction of the Chinese Theater. Later,China,Britain and the United States negotiated intermittently for nearly two years over the jurisdiction of the Chinese Theater. During the period,in addition to military considerations,China and Britain also attached great importance to maintaining and strengthening their respective influence in Thailand and Vietnam.Unlike China and Britain,the United States focused on the military impact of the adjustment to the jurisdiction of the Chinese Theater. Before and after Japan’s surrender,under the mediation of the United States,China was forced to draw Thailand and southern Vietnam out of the Chinese Theater. The negotiations between China,Britain and the United States not only changed the jurisdiction of the Chinese Theater,but also had a profound impact on the acceptation of the Allies to Japanese surrender after the War.