空间高效利用的住宅设计模式探析

Analysis on the Residential Design Mode in the Efficient Use of Space

为了寻求小面积住宅空间高效利用的设计方法,围绕居住建筑系统“以人为本”“简单易行”和“空间可适型”关键技术以及住宅时空多维利用形式,分别对居室数量的多元化、隔断形态的个性化、空间布局的差异化等空间恒量型高效利用,套型多样性分合、空间多样性交换、空间多样性共享等空间变量型高效利用,以及日常生活中家具、空间隔断的灵活性与长效发展中空间恒量、空间变量的可变性,展开基于用户需求的住宅空间多样可能性设计探索。提出空间高效利用的住宅设计既要因人而异、因需而型地精密设计,又要应需而变地适当融入可持续发展设计,还要重视建设过程中的“易建、易变、易演”,让住宅从户内到户间、从结果到过程均能以用户需求为中心进行空间的可适性高效利用,并由此总结归纳出基于住户需求的空间高效利用设计模式。

In order to demand the design method of efficient use of small-area residential space, based on the key techniques of “people-oriented”, “simple and easy” and “space adaptability” of the residential building system and the multi-dimensional utilization form of residential space and time, the design of the deversity of residential space based on user needs was explored from the aspects of the diversification of the number of rooms, the efficient use of space constants such as the individualization of partition shape and the differentiation of space layout, the efficient use of space variables such as the diversity of sets, the exchange of space diversity, and the sharing of space diversity, as well as the flexibility of furniture and space partitions in daily life and the variability of spatial constants and spatial variables in long-term development. It was proposed that the design of residence with efficient use of space should not only be varied from person to person, but also need to be precisely designed according to needs, and should be appropriately integrated into sustainable development design according to needs, in addition, the principle of “easy to build, changeable, easy to evolve” should be taken into account in the construction process, so that the design of residence could can make adaptive and efficient use of space and center on user needs from indoor to house or from results to process, and thus the design mode of efficient space utilization based on household needs was summarized.