非典型性强奸案件中证据审查的困境与进路

The Dilemma and Approach of Evidence Review in Atypical Rape Cases

与暴力型侵犯妇女性自主权类强奸案件不同,非典型强奸往往多发于熟人作案或者发生在特殊场合以及具有特殊身份主体之间。该类案件认定多依赖被害人陈述,并且可能存在延迟披露的特点。传统的印证模式在该类案件中的适用空间有限,导致因印证不足而难以定罪。我国目前尚未建立自由心证模式,但经验法则的运用并未被禁止,在该类案件中建立适用经验法则的正当机制可以作为印证模式的有益补充。同时,建立精细化证据审查模式,高效运用辅助证据,建立起被害人陈述可信性标准同样有助于消解该类案件事实认定的困境。

Different from violent rape cases which violate women's sexual autonomy,atypical rape often occurs in acquaintances,on special occasions and between subjects with special identities.The identification of such cases mostly relies on the statements of the victim and may have the disadvantage of delayed disclosure.The application space of traditional verification mode in such cases is limited,which leads to the difficulty of conviction due to insufficient verification.However,the application of empirical rule is not prohibited.Establishing a proper mechanism for applying empirical rule in such cases can be a beneficial supplement to the verification mode.At the same time,the establishment of refined evidence examination mode,efficient use of auxiliary evidence,and the establishment of the credibility standard of the victim's statement are also helpful to solve the dilemma of the fact determination of such cases.