汽车升降机驱动轴断裂的分析

Analysis of Fracture of Drive Shaft of Autolift

汽车升降机驱动轴是衔接提升带与减速电机的重要零件。针对汽车升降机驱动轴断裂故障,通过宏观形貌观察、金相组织识别、化学成分分析、硬度测试等理化检验,初步判断故障原因。通过分析滚筒和胀套受力情况,结合有限元仿真,进一步确认故障原因为驱动轴调质处理不合格,且经历高负荷工作。针对这一故障,建议将汽车升降机驱动轴的材质由45号钢更换为性能更佳的40Cr钢并调质处理,用于延长驱动轴的使用寿命。

The driving shaft of the autolift is an important part that connects the lift belt and the gear motor.Aiming at the fracture failure of the driving shaft of the autolift, the cause of the failure was preliminarily determined through physical and chemical inspections such as macroscopic morphology observation, metallographic structure identification, chemical composition analysis, and hardness testing.By analyzing the stress of the drum and the expansion sleeve, combined with the finite element simulation, it is further confirmed that the cause of the failure is the unqualified quenching and tempering treatment for the driving shaft and experienced high-load work.In response to this failure, it is recommended to replace the material of the driving shaft of the autolift from 45# steel to 40 Cr steel with better performance, quench and temper it to prolong the service life of the driving shaft.