犯罪脚本分析框架构建及在犯罪防控中的应用研究

Research on the Construction and Application of Crime Script Analysis Framework for Crime Prevention and Control

作为犯罪科学的一个新兴热点,犯罪脚本以理性选择、犯罪模式及日常活动等环境犯罪学理论为基础,以表格和流程图为主要表示方法,从犯罪人的角度出发采用模型化分析框架详细刻画犯罪过程的各个场景,帮助研究人员发现可能的干预点,据此设计实现情境犯罪预防。在理论研究和实践中,也可根据应用场景结合监管和被害人的视角对犯罪过程进行透视分析。针对应用中面临的现实挑战,犯罪脚本需依托知识图谱等大数据技术实现分析框架的自动化构建,注重与其他信息技术相结合,开展综合性分析研判。

As an emerging hotspot of Crime Science,Crime Script has developed rapidly.Its theoretical basis is environmental criminology theories such as Rational Choice Perspective,Crime Pattern and Routine Activity Theory.The analysis structure is a modeled analysis framework for specific crime types,and the representation method are table and flow chart.The original design of the Crime Script is to depict each scene of the crime process in detail from the perspective of the offender,and find the intervention points in order to achieve Situational Crime Prevention.In theoretical research and practice,it can also be seen from multiple perspectives such as surveillance and victims.The construction of the analysis framework needs to be closely combined with big data technology such as Knowledge Graph,synthetic analysis method can be adopted in practical application.