妊娠晚期盆底肌锻炼对产后膀胱功能障碍及尿动力学的影响

Effects of pelvic floor muscle exercise during the third trimester of pregnancy on postpartum bladder dysfunction and urodynamics

目的:探讨妊娠晚期孕妇进行盆底肌锻炼对其产后膀胱功能障碍及尿动力学的影响。方法:选取近年来在广东医科大学附属惠东医院进行定期产检及分娩的100例妊娠晚期孕妇作为研究对象。随机将其分为对照组和观察组。对两组孕妇均进行定期产检和常规的产前指导,在此基础上指导观察组孕妇进行盆底肌锻炼。比较两组孕妇产后尿潴留、尿失禁的发生率、尿动力学指标及盆底肌张力。结果:观察组孕妇产后尿潴留、尿失禁的发生率均低于对照组孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组孕妇产后的最大尿流率和最大膀胱容量均高于对照组孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组孕妇中产后盆底肌张力正常孕妇的占比高于对照组孕妇中此类孕妇的占比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠晚期孕妇进行盆底肌锻炼能有效改善其产后的盆底肌张力和尿动力学,降低其产后尿潴留和尿失禁的发生率。

Objective:To investigate the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercise on postpartum bladder dysfunction and urodynamics in pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy.Methods:A total of 100 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were selected as the research object who received regular labor examination and delivery in Huidong County People’s Hospital affiliated to Guangdong Medical College in recent years.They were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The pregnant women in the two groups were given regular antenatal examination and routine prenatal guidance,on the basis of which the observation group was instructed to exercise pelvic floor muscles.The incidence of urinary retention,urinary incontinence,urodynamic indexes and pelvic floor muscle tension were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of postpartum urinary retention and urinary incontinence in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The maximum urine flow rate and maximum bladder volume of pregnant women in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of pregnant women with normal pelvic floor muscle tension in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Pelvic floor muscle exercise in pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy can effectively improve the pelvic floor muscle tension and urodynamics after delivery,and reduce the incidenc e of urinary retention and urinary incontinence after delivery.