海拔对吐尔根河流域野杏空间分布的影响

The Effect of Altitude on Spatial Distribution of Prunus armeniaca L.in Turgen River Basin

使用卫星遥感影像和数字高程模型,通过实地调查与遥感分析吐尔根河流域新疆野杏纯林的空间分布特征,结果表明:(1)野杏呈断续带状或点片状分布于流域西南部的丘陵和沟谷坡面上,面积17.45 km2,覆盖率6.54%。(2)野杏集中分布于海拔900~1900 m,面积、覆盖率都随海拔上升先递增后递减,在海拔1300~1400 m出现最大值。(3)随海拔升高,同一海拔内各坡向、各坡度间野杏覆盖率的差异均先减小后增大。综上,吐尔根河流域野杏具有明显的垂直地带性,中山带下部中段的不同微地形上野杏分布差异最小、生境适宜性最好,应因地制宜地科学保护与开发野杏资源,发挥其自然生态、社会经济效益。

The spatial distribution characteristics of Prunus armeniaca L.pure forest in Turgen River Basin were analyzed through field investigation and remote sensing.The results showed that:(1)P.arme⁃niaca L.was intermittently banded or patchy distributed on the hills and gully slopes in the southwest of the basin,with an area of 17.45 km2 and a coverage rate of 6.54%.(2)P.armeniaca L.was concentratedly distributed between 900 and 1900 m,the area and coverage rate of P.armeniaca L.increased first and then decreased with the increase in altitude,and the maximum value appeared at 1300~1400 m.(3)As the altitude increased,the differences in the coverage of P.armeniaca L.among various slope directions and slopes within the same altitude first decreased and then increased.In conclusion,P.armeniaca L.in Turgen River Basin have obvious vertical zonality.The distribution difference of P.armeniaca L.is the smallest and the habitat suitability is the best on different micro terrains in the lower part of the middle zone of mountains.P.armeniaca L.resources should be protected and developed scientifically according to local conditions and the distribution characteristics to give play to its natural ecological,social and economic benefits.