论阿特伍德《可以吃的女人》的生态女性主义思想

An Interpretation of Atwood’s The Edible Woman from the Perspective of Ecofeminism

加拿大作家玛格丽特·阿特伍德将自然问题、女性问题结合在一起进行思考和比较,早期作品《可以吃的女人》中即已经展现出生态女性主义视角。阿特伍德既关注伴随工业化、城市化而来的环境污染、生态问题,也关注职场女性与家庭女性的工作、生活处境。当生态问题与女性问题相交融时,男性与女性的关系变成了狩猎者与猎物的关系,女性变成了“可以被吃掉”的猎物,这种二元对立的模式同样体现在工业与自然的关系中--工业对应破坏者,而自然对应养育者,同样是以男性为主体的科学精神对以女性为主体的自然的征服与开发。在《可以吃的女人》中,女性角色在与大自然中的生物共情的同时,逐步认识并摆脱了自己被男性控制的困境,走向了独立与解放,体现出了鲜明的生态女性主义思想。

Canadian writer Margaret Atwood combines natural issues with women’s issues for reflection and comparison,her early work,The Edible Woman,has already offered a perspective of ecofeminism.Atwood is concerned not only about the environmental pollution and ecological issues that associated with industrialization and urbanization,but also concerned about the working and living conditions of women in the workplace and in family.When ecological issues and women’s issues intermingle,the relationship between men and women turns into the relationship between hunters and prey,women turn into prey that could be eaten,this pattern of binary antithesis is also reflected in the relationship between industry and nature,industry corresponds to the destroyer and nature corresponds to the nurturer,this relationship is also about the conquest and exploitation of the female-centered nature by the male-centered science.In The Edible Woman,the female character gradually recognizes and gets rid of the predicament and the control by the men while empathizing with the creatures of nature,and move towards independence and liberation,which embodies the distinct thoughts of ecofeminism.