生命之野的双重变奏--以精神分析法解读《爱历元年》的情爱叙事

The Double Variation of the Field of Lfei--Psychoanalysis of Love Narrative in The First Year of the Almanac

王跃文长篇小说《爱历元年》演奏了一曲关于高知分子“婚外”爱欲缠绵的罗曼曲,男女主人公沉寂的生命之野与被压抑的原欲在中年时代又各自繁盛热闹起来.弗洛伊德的精神分析学为解读《爱历元年》中的情爱叙事提供了一种新的视角,小说中多次提及的“兰花”可视为男主人公孙离潜意识中的美人原型与象征,他在“超我”的驱动下惯性地压抑性本能并将爱欲投射到了兰花意象上.根据弗洛伊德的人格理论学说,爱情的“脱轨”与回返,实则反映了本我、自我、超我三者抗衡的动态过程:本我释放带来灵与肉的欲望化狂欢,自我抗争使爱欲与道德糅合,而超我节制欲望,引导理性回返与爱历重启.《爱历元年》对两性情爱的独特探索无疑也调动了作家的生命经验与人生思考,通过探寻爱情、婚姻和性背后隐藏的无意识动因,读者在《爱历元年》中或许可以找到摆脱情感危机与获得精神突围的出路.

Wang Yuewen’s novel"The First Year of the Almanac"plays a romance about the"extramarital"lust of the intellectuals.The silent field of life and the suppressed original desire of the hero and heroine flourish in the middle age.Freud’s psychoanalysis provides a new perspective for the interpretation of the love narrative in"The First Year of the Almanac".The orchid mentioned many times in the novel can be regarded as the beauty prototype and symbol in the hero Sun Li’s subconscious.Driven by the superego,he habitually suppresses his sexual instinct and projects his desire for love onto the orchid image.According to Freud’s theory of personality,the"derailment"and return of love actually reflect the dynamic process of the struggle among ID,ego and superego:the release of ID brings lust Carnival of spirit and flesh,self-struggle makes love and morality blend,and superego controls desire,leads rational return and restart of love calendar.The unique exploration of love between men and women in"The First Year of the Almanac"undoubtedly aroused the writer’s life experience and thinking.By exploring the unconscious motivation behind love,marriage and sex,readers may find a way out of emotional crisis and spiritual breakthrough in"The First Year of the Almanac".