纳米TiO_(2)改性环氧树脂的制备技术与性能研究进展

Research Progress in Preparation Technology and Properties of Nano-TiO_(2) Modified Epoxy Resin

环氧树脂是性能优异的热固性材料,因具备良好的耐腐蚀性、热稳定性及力学性能,被广泛应用于航空航天、石油化工、舰船、海洋等领域。环氧树脂的高交联结构使其韧性及脆性较差,应用受限,高性能环氧树脂的制备已成为研究热点。概述了纳米TiO_(2)改性环氧树脂制备技术,主要包括机械搅拌法、超声法、机械搅拌和超声结合法、珠磨法和化学物理结合法等。同时归纳了各制备技术的原理及各制备技术对纳米TiO_(2)在环氧树脂中分散性的影响和存在的不足。重点综述了纳米TiO_(2)改善环氧树脂的相关性能,主要包括力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、防污损性能及耐候性能等。TiO_(2)可与环氧树脂发生接枝反应,改善环氧树脂的结构,提高复合材料的力学性能;此外,TiO_(2)的填入可有效提高复合材料的致密度,减小孔隙率,降低表面能,提高其耐腐蚀性能;TiO_(2)/EP复合材料利用TiO_(2)的光催化性能及吸收紫外光性能,大大改善了环氧树脂的防污损性能及耐候性能。最后对TiO_(2)/EP复合材料的下一步研究进行了展望。

Epoxy resin is a thermosetting material with excellent property,which has a wide range of application in the such fields as aerospace,petrochemical,naval,marine because of its good anti-corrosion,thermal stability and mechanical properties.However,epoxy resin has a high cross-linking density,which makes epoxy resin toughness poor and its applications limited.Therefore,the preparation of high-property epoxy resin has become a research hotspot.The preparation technology of nano-TiO_(2) modified epoxy resin is summarized,including mechanical stirring method,ultrasonic method,mechanical stirring and ultrasonic bonding method,bead milling method and chemical-physical bonding method.Mean,the principle of each preparation technology and the influence of each preparation technology on the dispersibility of nano-TiO_(2) in epoxy resin and the existing deficiencies are also summarized.Adding nano-fillers is one of the effective methods to improve the properties of epoxy resin which can achieve the purpose of filling,leveling,protecting and insulating the substrate.In order to enhance the properties and broaden the applications of epoxy resin,epoxy resin which was modified by nano-TiO_(2) has a good application prospect.The preparation technology of TiO_(2) modified epoxy resin includes mechanical stirring method,ultrasonic method,mechanical and ultrasonic combination method,bead milling method and chemical and physical combination method are summarized,and the principle of each preparation technique is also summarized.Focusing on the dispersion of nano-TiO_(2) in epoxy resin which play a important role in improving the properties of TiO_(2)/EP nanocomposites.Although all methods can disperse nano-TiO_(2) in epoxy resin effectively,the dispersion mechanism is different which divided into physics dispersion and chemical dispersion,physics dispersion is main disperse nano-TiO_(2) in epoxy resin by physical means,chemical dispersion can solve the compatibility of nano-TiO_(2) and epoxy resin.The related properties of epoxy resin modified by TiO_(2) have been improved,and mechanical property,corrosion resistant property,antifouling property,and weather resistance property are briefly reviewed with emphasis.The mechanical properties of epoxy resin can be improved when TiO_(2) is grafted with epoxy resin to improve the structure of epoxy resin when filling in nano-TiO_(2).In addition,the filling of TiO_(2) can effectively improve the density,lower surface energy and enhance corrosion resistance of the epoxy resin.The anti-fouling performance and weatherability of epoxy resin is improved on account of taking advantage of TiO_(2) photocatalytic performance and ultraviolet light absorption performance.To conclude,this paper prospects the future research directions of TiO_(2)/EP nanocomposites.