废弃矿井地下空间反季节循环储能研究

Study on off-season cyclic energy storage in underground space of abandoned mine

随着我国“碳达峰,碳中和”目标的提出,煤炭在一次能源消费结构中的比例逐步下降,关停矿井数量逐年增多。直接关闭或废弃矿井不仅造成巨大的资源浪费,还极有可能诱发一系列的安全、环境等问题,需要因地制宜的提出符合我国废弃矿井现状的剩余资源开发利用模式。基于此,系统梳理了国内外废弃矿井开发再利用现状,着重讨论了废弃矿井地下空间储能的利用模式,针对性的提出了废弃矿井反季节循环储能工艺系统,该系统充分考虑了废弃矿井地下空间资源、地热资源、水资源和地上可再生资源,通过在沉陷区布置太阳能和风能发电设备,为周边用户和整个系统提供电能,以井下恒温岩土体中的巷道群和采空区为储能空间,以矿井水为储能介质,通过太阳能集热和地热能资源为周边用户供热/制冷,在无需供热/制冷的季节将热能储存至矿井地下,实现反季节循环储能。阐述了废弃矿井地下反季节循环储能亟需突破的3个关键技术:多尺度空间热储评估方法、废弃矿井反季节循环储能井上井下整体优化设计方法以及反季节循环储能多源耦合的运行模式。最后,以京西王平村废弃矿井为例研究了该系统的节能减排效益,结果表明:与传统化石燃料相比,应用反季节循环储能系统供热制冷,每年可减排二氧化碳约2781.1 t。若加入太阳能、风能集热发电系统,节能减排效果将更加明显。应高度重视废弃矿井资源开发利用,加大废弃矿井资源开发利用科学问题的研究力度。相关部门和矿山企业应积极稳步推进废弃矿井绿色低碳开发利用,提高可再生清洁能源利用比例,实施碳排放总量和强度“双控”,为国家“双碳”目标的实现提供助力。

With the proposal of the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”in China,the proportion of coal in the primary energy consumption structure will gradually decrease,and the number of closed mines will increase year by year.Directly closing or abandoning mines not only causes a huge waste of resources,but also very likely induces a series of safety,environmental and other problems.It is necessary to put forward the development and utilization patterns of surplus resources in line with the current situation of abandoned mines in China.Based on this,the current situation of development and utilization of abandoned mines worldwide is expounded systematically,focusing on the utilization mode of underground energy storage of abandoned mines,and the off-season cycle energy storage process system of abandoned mines is put forward.The system fully considers the underground space resources,geothermal resources,water resources and aboveground renewable resources of abandoned mines,and provides electric energy for surrounding users by arranging photovoltaic and wind power generation equipment at the subsidence area.Taking the constant temperature rock and soil mass in the underground roadway group and goaf as the energy storage space,using the mine water as energy storage medium,the system provides heat/cooling for surrounding users through photovoltaic heat collection and geothermal energy resources,and stores heat energy underground in the season without heating/cooling,realizes off-season cyclic energy storage.Three key technologies of underground off-seasonal cyclic energy storage in abandoned mines are discussed with a view to be solved,namely a multi-scale spatial heat storage evaluation method,an overall optimization design method of off-seasonal cyclic energy storage in abandoned mines,and a multi-source coupling operation mode of off-seasonal cyclic energy storage.Taking the abandoned mine of Wangping Village in the west of Beijing as an example,the energy saving and emission reduction benefits of the system are studied,the results show that compared with traditional fossil fuels,the application of an off-seasonal cycle energy storage system for heating and cooling can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 2781.1 t/a.If solar energy and wind energy collector power generation systems are added,the effect of energy saving and emission reduction will be more obvious.Great attention should be paid to the development and utilization of abandoned mine resources,and the scientific research on the development and utilization of abandoned mine resources should be strengthened.Relevant departments and mining enterprises should actively and steadily promote the green and low-carbon development and utilization of abandoned mines,increase the proportion of renewable clean energy utilization,control the total amount and intensity of carbon emissions,so as to provide assistance for the realization of the national goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.