轨道交通车载火灾系统研究

Study on Fire Extinguishing System Mounted on Rail Transit Vehicle

城市轨道车辆大部分运行于封闭的地下隧道,并且采用的是封闭车厢,如果车辆发生火灾,将对生命财产具有极大的影响。本文从车载火灾探测系统、车载灭火系统以及火灾场景下的联动等3方面研究目前轨道交通车辆的车载火灾系统的发展现状。阐述了目前常用的4种火灾探测系统:被动式烟温探测系统、主动式烟温探测系统、感温电缆火灾探测系统、RFID火灾探测系统等的拓扑架构及工作原理,并对优缺点进行对比。针对亟待解决的主动灭火需求,重点介绍了高压细水雾灭火系统的灭火原理和系统结构组成。阐述了在火灾场景下车载PIS系统、网络系统、照明系统等系统与火灾系统的联动方案。

Most of the urban rail vehicles run in closed underground tunnels,and adopt closed carriages.If a fire occurs on vehicle,it will have a great impact on life and property.This article mainly studied the current development of the on-board fire system of rail transit vehicles from three aspects:on-board fire detection system,on-board fire extinguishing system,linkage in the fire scenario.This paper expounds the topology structure and working principle of four commonly used fire detection systems:passive smoke temperature detection system,active smoke temperature detection system,temperature sensing cable fire detection system,RFID fire detection system,etc.,and compares the advantages and disadvantages.In view of the urgent need for active fire extinguishing,the fire extinguishing principle and system structure of the high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system are mainly introduced.The linkage scheme of the vehicle PIS system,TCMS system,lighting system and other systems and the fire system in the fire scenario is expounded.