动车组齿轮箱射线检测数字化应用研究

Research on Digital Application of Radiographic Detection of EMUs Gearbox

齿轮箱作为高铁动车组齿轮传统的关键部件之一,对列车的提速与运行安全至关重要。本文针对CR400AF和CR400BF型“复兴号”中国标准动车组齿轮箱的结构特点,在传统射线照相检测基础上,开展了射线检测数字化应用研究。采用射线数字成像对缺陷形貌进行检测分析,克服了传统射线照相检测技术效率低、工序复杂等弊端,有效检测齿轮箱的气孔、缩孔、裂纹等铸造缺陷,并能够识别缺陷总体形貌、尺寸和平面位置,可达到与传统射线照相检测一样的水平。采用层析成像检测技术对齿轮箱进行逐层扫描,克服了叠加效应,可获得缺陷的形貌、尺寸、深度等信息。基于层析成像检测数据,进一步采用重建软件提取缺陷的三维结构形貌模型,实现了缺陷检测由传统二维图像向三维立体结构的突破。

As one of the traditional key components of the high-speed railway EMU gear,the gearbox is significant for the speed increase and operation safety of the train.According to the structural characteristics of CR400AF and CR400BF Fuxing Chinese standard EMU gearbox,the digital application research of radiographic testing is carried out on the basis of traditional radiographic testing.In this paper,the defect morphology is detected and analyzed by radiographic digital imaging,which overcomes the disadvantages of low efficiency and complex process of traditional radiographic imaging detection technology.The casting defects such as porosity,shrinkage and crack of gearbox are effectively detected,and the overall morphology,size and plane position of defects can be identified,which can realize the same level as traditional radiographic inspection.The layer-by-layer scanning of gearbox by using tomography detection technology overcomes the superposition effect and obtains the information of defect morphology,size and depth.Based on the detection data of tomography,the reconstruction software is used to extract the three-dimensional structure morphology model of defects,and the breakthrough of defect detection from traditional two-dimensional image to three-dimensional structure is realized.