中国农业绿色生产效率的测度及其影响因素分析

Measurement of China's Agricultural Green Production Efficiency and Analysis of its Influencing Factors

文章基于超效率SBM模型测算中国2012—2020年各省份农业绿色生产效率,并利用Tobit模型实证分析农业绿色生产效率的影响因素及影响程度。结果显示,省份间农业绿色生产效率差异呈现缩小态势,落后省份的追赶成效开始显现,但与领先省份间的差距仍然较大;农业绿色生产效率具有明显的地区差异,东部和东北地区省份农业绿色生产效率领先于中西部地区,整体呈“中部塌陷”分布格局。进一步研究发现,农业科研财政拨款、城镇化率、农业生态补偿政策等因素均是促进农业绿色生产效率增长的重要原因,而农作物受灾面积、农业机械投入强度会显著抑制农业绿色生产效率提升。在控制省份间社会经济发展水平差异后,各影响因素对农业绿色生产效率的影响方向及显著性保持不变。

Based on the super-efficiency SBM model,this article measures the agricultural green production efficiency of various provinces in China from 2012 to 2019,and uses the Tobit model to empirically analyze the influencing factors and degree of agricultural green production efficiency.The results show that the difference of agricultural green production efficiency among provinces shows a narrowing trend,and the catch-up effect of backward provinces begins to appear,but the gap with leading provinces is still large;There are obvious regional differences in agricultural green production efficiency.The agricultural green production efficiency of the eastern and northeastern provinces is ahead of the central and western regions,and the overall distribution pattern is"central collapse".Further studies have found that factors such as financial allocations for agricultural scientific research,urbanization rates,and agricultural ecological compensation policies are all important reasons for promoting the growth of agricultural green production efficiency,while the affected area of crops and the intensity of agricultural machinery investment will significantly inhibit the improvement of agricultural green production efficiency.After controlling the differences in the level of social and economic development between provinces,the direction and significance of the influence of various factors on the efficiency of agricultural green production remain unchanged.