波浪作用下矩形沉箱墩群受力规律试验研究

Experimental study of force law on rectangular caisson pier group under waves

墩柱式透空码头在波浪作用下的结构受力较复杂,对于矩形沉箱墩,国内现行的港口工程规范只解析了波浪正向和45°斜向作用下单个沉箱所受水平总力,并无墩群中波浪力衰减规律的计算方法,已有研究也少见相关成果。以茂名某重力墩式散货码头工程为例,通过开展三维物理模型试验,研究波浪作用下矩形沉箱墩周围的波高分布及沿程衰减规律、代表性沉箱墩所受水平、侧向和浮托总力及倾覆力矩沿程衰减规律。结果表明:本工程首先受到波浪作用的5个沉箱墩范围内波高衰减幅度最大;不同沉箱所受波浪力的沿程衰减幅度,呈现出与波高沿程衰减一致的规律;规范中的圆柱形墩的群墩系数计算方法不适用于矩形沉箱墩群结构。

The structure of pier-column permeable wharf is often exposed to complex forces under the action of waves.For rectangular caisson piers,the current domestic port engineering codes only analyze the total horizontal force of a single caisson under the action of forward and 45°oblique waves.There are neither calculation methods for the attenuation law of wave forces in pier groups,nor related results in existing studies.Taking a bulk cargo terminal project with gravity caissons in Maoming as an example,we carry out three-dimensional physical model experiments to study the wave height distribution around rectangular caisson piers and attenuation laws along the way,and analyze the horizontal,the lateral and the uplift forces and the overturning moment,as well as the attenuation law of wave force along the way of representative caisson piers.The results show that the wave height attenuation amplitude is the largest within the 5 caisson piers firstly exposed to the waves.The attenuation amplitude of the wave force on different caissons along the way shows the same trend as the wave height attenuation.The calculation method for the coefficient of cylindrical pier group in the code is not suitable for the rectangular caisson pier group.