旅游何以曰——基于旅游人类学视角的厘判

How to Define Tourism——Discrimination Based on the Perspective of Tourism Anthropology

在我国大众旅游中,“旅游”常常出现各种名目的表述,诸如休闲旅游、观光旅游、研学旅游、文化旅游、绿色旅游、乡村旅游、低碳旅游、探险旅游、养生旅游、医保旅游等等,具体的项目性旅游更是五花八门。经常的情况是,这些不同名目的概念边界没有得以明确的划分,特别是“族群旅游”“地缘旅游”“生态旅游”,导致在旅游实践中出现混乱现象。事实上,这些冠以不同名目的旅游的边界虽然存在着交叉和交错,但各自的领域是清晰的,只是我们未做辨析。本文从旅游人类学的角度对相关旅游名目、属性与边界进行厘判,以就教于学术界。

In China’s mass tourism,"tourism"often appears in a variety of expressions including leisure tourism,sightseeing tourism,research tourism,cultural tourism,green tourism,rural tourism,low carbon tourism,adventure tourism,health tourism,and health insurance tourism,and the specific project tourism is multifarious.More often,the conceptual boundaries of these different names have not been clearly demarcated,especially"ethnic tourism","geographical tourism"and"ecological tourism",which leads to the confusion in tourism practice.In fact,although these tourism boundaries under different names exist crossover and crisscross,their respective fields are clear,but we have never differentiated among them.In this paper,from the perspective of tourism anthropology,relevant tourism names,attributes and boundaries are discriminated for the purpose of discussing in academic circles.