吉林省直播稻栽培技术研究(1)——不同熟期品种水直播与育苗移栽产量及效益差异分析

Study on Direct Seeding Rice Cultivation Technology in Jilin Province(1)-Analysis of Yield and Benefit Difference between Water Direct Seeding and Seedling Transplanting at Different Maturity Stage

[目的]为剖析水直播与育苗移栽方式在吉林粳稻区的产量及效益差异,[方法]以中早熟品种通禾819、中熟品种吉玉粳、中晚熟品种通禾66水稻品种为试材,采用精量穴播水直播与大棚育苗移栽方式,对产量构成因素、产量和经济效益方面进行调查统计分析。[结果]株高上不同熟期品种水直播方式的相对育苗移栽方式均发生矮化现象,矮化幅度呈现随生育期增加而提高,每穗粒数上水直播种植方式相对育苗移栽方式明显减少,产量上不同熟期品种均为育苗移栽方式最高,水直播方式下中熟品种产量最高;最高纯收入出现在中熟品种水直播方式,比育苗移栽方式最高纯收入每公顷多759.8元;水直播方式每公顷可减少40 t用水与2.5 m^(3)黑土采取。[结论]吉林省水直播种植方式以选择中早及中熟品种为宜。

Mental materials,analyzed the water direct seeding and seedling transplanting mode in Jilin japonica rice region in yield and benefit,using precise dibbling water direct seeding and greenhouse seedling transplanting,investigate statistical analysis on yield components and yield and economic benefit aspect.Results show that the varieties of plant height in different period water direct seeding mode of relative seedling transplanting mode are dwarf occur,dwarf amplitude is increased with the increase of growth period,grain number per panicle water direct seeding significantly reduce the planting form relatively seedling transplanting way,on different production period varieties were the highest seedling transplanting way,water direct seeding broadcast medium under the highest;The highest net income appeared in the water direct seeding method of medium mature varieties,which was 759.8 yuan more per hectare than seedling transplanting method.The water direct method can reduce water use by 40 tons per hectare with 2.5 m^(3) black soil taken.In Jilin Province,medium early and medium ripe varieties should be selected as the planting method of water direct seeding.