东北国有企业管理制度改革的历程、得失与启示

On the Course,Gain and Loss and Enlightenment for the Management System Reform of State-Owned Enterprises in Northeast China

东北全境解放后,计划经济体制和苏式企业管理制度在东北乃至全国的企业中正式确立。随着中苏关系的恶化及“大跃进”运动的兴起,中国开始探索自己的企业管理制度。东北国营企业率先探索出“两参一改三结合”“大庆经验”等管理经验,在一定程度上促进了生产的发展。改革开放后,中国开始向社会主义市场经济转变,而东北国营企业在改革原有制度,建立现代企业管理制度过程中进展缓慢。近年来,东北经济增速断崖式下滑,形成了所谓的“东北现象”。因此,必须在领导制度、人事制度、分配制度等方面加快国有企业管理制度改革,使其与市场经济的发展相适应,才能实现东北老工业基地的振兴。

After the liberation of northeast China,the planned economy system and the Soviet-style enterprise management system are formally established in the enterprises of northeast China and even the whole country.With the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations and the rise of the“Great Leap Forward”movement,China begin to explore its own enterprise management system.State-owned enterprises in northeast China take the lead in exploring the management experience such as“two participation,one reform and three combination”and“Daqing experience”,which promotes the development of production to a certain extent.After the reform and opening up,China takes the transformation to socialist market economy;however,the state-owned enterprises in northeast China haven’t made rapid progress in reforming the original system and establishing modern enterprise management system.In recent years,economic growth in Northeast China are falling sharply,forming the so-called“Northeast phenomenon”.Therefore,we must accelerate the management system reform of state-owned enterprises in terms of leadership system,personnel system,distribution system and other aspects,so as to make it adapt to the development of market economy,and to realize the revitalization of the old industrial base in northeast China.