免疫荧光染色在幽门螺杆菌检测中的应用价值

Application value of immunofluorescence staining in Helicobacter pylori detection

目的探讨免疫荧光染色在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,HP)检测中的临床应用价值。方法收集2020年10月至2021年9月温州市中心医院门诊及住院患者1045例,分别采用免疫荧光染色、苏木精-伊红染色、细菌培养和^(13)C-尿素呼气试验(^(13)C-urea breath test,^(13)C-UBT)的检测方法,比较HP的阳性检出率;探讨HP感染与慢性胃炎胃黏膜病理组织学变化的相关性。结果免疫荧光染色的阳性检出率高于苏木精-伊红染色和细菌培养,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.953,P<0.05;χ^(2)=154.478,P<0.05);免疫荧光染色与^(13)C-UBT的阳性检出率相比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.250,P>0.05)。随着活动性和炎性反应程度的加重,HP的阳性检出率增高,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=283.522,P<0.01;χ^(2)=187.622,P<0.01);随着萎缩和肠化程度的加重,HP的阳性检出率降低,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.821,P<0.01;χ^(2)=14.899,P<0.01)。结论HP感染与慢性胃炎胃黏膜病理组织学变化存在相关性;在胃黏膜活检组织中,免疫荧光染色能快速、准确地诊断HP感染,与苏木精-伊红染色相比,HP显示更清晰。

Objective To explore the clinical application value of immunofluorescence staining in the detection of Helicobacter pylori(HP).Methods A total of 1045 outpatients and inpatients were collected in Wenzhou Central Hospital from October 2020 to September 2021.Immunofluorescence staining,hematoxylin-eosin staining,bacterial culture and ^(13)C-urea breath test(^(13)C-UBT)detection methods were used respectively,positive detection rate of HP were compared.To investigate the relationship between HP infection and pathological changes of gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis.Results The positive rate of immunofluorescence staining was higher than that of hematoxylin-eosin staining and bacterial culture,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.953,P<0.05;χ^(2)=154.478,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the positive rate of immunofluorescence staining and ^(13)C-UBT(χ^(2)=1.250,P>0.05);the positive rate of HP increased with increasing activity and inflammation,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=283.522,P<0.01,χ^(2)=187.622,P<0.01).The positive rate of HP decreased with the aggravation of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=14.821,P<0.01,χ^(2)=14.899,P<0.01).Conclusion HP infection is correlated with pathological changes of gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis;in gastric mucosa biopsy tissue,immunofluorescence staining can diagnose HP infection quickly and accurately,and HP is more clear than hematoxylin-eosin staining.