以南京户部尚书履职为视角的明代留都机构官员任职情况研究

Study on the Appointment of Nanjing Retained Institution Officials in the Ming Dynasty——From the Perspective of Performance of Ministers of Nanjing Treasury Department

明代自永乐迁都,原京师改称南京并保留了一套相对简化的中央机构,这些中央机构名称前加“南京”二字,是为留都机构。南京户部尚书作为留都财政部门官员,承担着管理留都财政、南京地区官军俸饷、后湖黄册以及维护本部稳定运行等重要职责。历任南京户部尚书,专本部事者在任期间祛除宿弊,部政一新;兼他部事者立足本职,兼顾朝廷的临时委派。他们中的大多数人做到了恪守本职、兢兢业业。

Since Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty relocated his capital to Beijing,the former capital was renamed Nanjing and retained a set of relatively simplified central institutions.The institutions kept Nanjing at the beginning of their names,suggesting their nature as retained institutions in the old capital.As the financial officials of Nanjing,the Ministers of Nanjing Treasury Department undertook important responsibilities such as managing finance of Nanjing,managing payroll of officials and army officers in Nanjing,administrating taxes and corvée archives and maintaining regional stability.Among them,those who worked exclusively in Nanjing Treasury Department addressed long\|standing defects in work and brought innovations during their tenures.Others stayed committed to their duties within the Nanjing Treasury Department while fulfilling other appointments made by the central government.Most of them worked conscientiously in fulfilling their obligations.