中国基本型民生发展水平区域差距及影响因素

The Regional Disparity and Influencing Factors of the Level of Basic Livelihood in China

文章利用2010~2019年的省级面板数据,采用熵权法、Dagum基尼系数和空间面板回归模型研究中国基本型民生发展水平的区域差距及影响因素。研究发现:(1)基本型民生发展水平在波动中上升,空间异质性较为显著。高水平和较高水平省份在东部集聚,低水平和较低水平由西部集聚到中部集聚。(2)基本型民生发展水平均等化程度增强,但区域差距依然明显。三大区域基本型民生发展水平基尼系数均值由大到小依次为东部>西部>中部。(3)经济发展水平、城镇化水平及就业水平对本地基本型民生发展有显著的促进作用,但影响程度依次递减;人口密度对基本型民生的发展有显著的正向空间溢出效应,而财政分权度产生显著的负向空间溢出效应。因此,要注重基本型民生发展的区域均衡,增强基本型民生与区域经济发展的协同性,通过加大基本型民生项目建设,使之成为区域经济发展的新动能。

Based on the provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019,this paper uses the Entropy Weight Method,Dagum Gini coefficient andspatial panel regression model to analyse the regional differences and influencing factors of basic livelihood development level in China.The findings are asfollows.(1)The basic livelihood development levelisrising with significant spatial heterogeneity.High-level and higher-level provinces cluster in the east,while low-level and lower-level provinces cluster from the west to the central region.(2)Basic livelihood development level has become more equitable,but there are still significant regional differences.The average Gini coefficient of the eastern region is highest,that of western is lowest,and that of central China is between.(3)The level of economic development,urbanization rateand employment level play asignificant role in promoting the development of basic people's livelihood in these regions,and the impact degree decreases successively.Population density has asignificant spatial spillover effect on basic livelihood development,while the level of local financial autonomy has asignificant spatial inhibition effect.Therefore,weshould consider theregional balanceofthe basic livelihood development,strengthen the cooperation of the basic livelihood and regional economic development,and increase theconstruction of basic livelihood projects inorder toformanew driving force for regional economic development.