孔子的治国理念简析

A Brief Analysis of Confucius’Philosophy of Governance

孔子“为政以德”涵化了老子“无为而无不为”思想,并在《论语》中的很多地方大量讲到艺术审美,将个人精神世界的构建诉诸艺术世界,即思无邪。孔子提倡的治国理念是“选贤与能,讲信修睦”,两者之间有一种张力,没有前者就不可能有后者,也正因为有了后者,前者就有了可能。孔子主张“己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人”,“己所不欲,勿施于人”,其治国理念依托于人之所以为人的本质,要在尊重人的前提下,使人性彻底得到解放,只有这样,国家的治理才是合乎人本质的有效管理方法。孔子的治国理念历经两千五百多年历史,一直植根于中华民族的血脉与灵魂之中,对现当代的政治思想建设依然具有重要启发意义。

Confucius’philosophy of“government by virtue”is a reflection of Laozi’s idea of“to do nothing without being inactive”,and in many places in the Analects he speaks extensively of artistic aesthetics,appealing to the world of art for the construction of one’s spiritual world,which is what Confucius calls Si Wu Xie.There is a tension between the two,in that without the former,the latter would be impossible,and because of the latter,the former would be possible.Confucius advocated that“if you wish to establish yourself,you should establish others;if you wish to attain,you should attain others”and“if you do not wish for yourself,do not do to others”,and his philosophy of governance is based on the essence of what makes people human.Only in this way can the state be governed in an effective way that is consistent with the nature of man.Confucius’philosophy of governance has been rooted in the blood and soul of the Chinese people for more than 2,500 years,and remains an important inspiration for the construction of contemporary political thought.