宋代《中庸》经筵进讲与帝王修己治人

The Progressive Teaching of Jingyan Lectures of The Doctrine of the Mean in Song Dynasty and the Emperor’s Self-cultivation and Governing People

《中庸》经筵进讲及其向最高层的传播,是研究宋代《中庸》学发展不可或缺的重要环节。从邢昺为宋真宗讲《中庸》,到宋仁宗以之赐新及第进士,再到真德秀为宋理宗读《中庸》,并成为“四书”之一,《中庸》思想不断被诠释与挖掘。其“凡为天下国家有九经”“道德性命之说”“执中以致和”等思想,成为帝王修己治人的重要资源与价值源泉。经筵官们切近人君,义理解经,明确主旨、反复开陈、说理透彻、有的放矢、指陈时政等方式,加深了帝王对《中庸》的认同与理解,促进了其官学化、社会化与普及化。

The Progressive teaching and spreading to the emperors of Jingyan Lectures of The Doctrine of the Mean plays an indispensable role in studying the development of this thought in Song Dynasty.The thought of The Doctrine of the Mean has been constantly interpreted and explored by which from explaining this for Emperor Zhenzong by Xing Bing,to Emperor Renzong awarding new scholars(Jinshi).The Doctrine of the Mean,and explaining it for Emperor Lizong by Zhen Dexiu,and becoming one of The Four Books.Its thought,such as all who have the government of the kingdom with its states and families have nine standard rules to follow,the theory of moral life and holding the mean and achieve equilibrium and harmony existing in perfection,had been important resource and source of value for emperors to cultivate themselves and govern people.The scholars who give Jingyan Lectures to emperors deepened the emperors’recognition and understanding of The Doctrine of the Mean,and promoted its bureaucratism,socialization and popularization,which by the ways of closing to emperors’life properly,explaining classic appropriately,interpreting main ideas clearly,repeating its thought continually,contacting current affairs closely,etc.