非宾格二元动结式的句法生成与领有名词移位

A Syntactic Analysis of Unaccusative Resultative-Constructions with Two Arguments and Possessor Raising

“张三愁白了头发”类二元动结式与一般的带外论元二元动结式有不同的句法表现,与“张三的头发愁白了”类非宾格一元动结式保持相通性,即动结式前项V1的主体与后项V2的主体必须保持“领有者—身体部位”领属义关系,属于“反身型动结式”。这类二元动结式与非宾格一元动结式有共同的非宾格句法结构基础,是经过领有名词移位到主语位置生成的非宾格二元动结式。该分析可从约束原则和汉语、日语的非宾格他动词句的句法生成得到有力的证据支持。

This paper aims to analyze the syntactic derivations of resultative constructions with two arguments in Chinese such as"ZHANG San choubaile toufa(meaning ZHANG San has been worried and his hair turned gray)".This type of sentences is very different from the Transitive Resultative-constructions with external arguments,but it is in line of the Unaccusative Resultative-constructions with only one internal argument such as"ZHANG San de toufa choubaile(meaning ZHANG San's hair turned gray because of his worries)".Possessive meaning of"Possessor-body part"must be kept between the arguments of the V1 and V2 in resultative constructions,which is named as"Reflexive Resultative-Construction".Reflexive Resultative-Constructions with two arguments or one internal argument have the same unaccusative structure,and the unaccusative resultative-constructions with two arguments are derived by possessor raising.This analysis is supported by strong evidence from the Binding Principle and the syntactic derivations of Unaccusative Transitives in Chinese and Japanese.