林业劳动生产率的区域差异及收敛性研究

Research on Regional Differences and Convergence of Forestry Labor Productivity

本文以区域林业系统的劳动生产率为研究对象,采用泰尔指数分析了2000—2018年30个省级行政地区的绝对差异演变,同时利用面板固定效应模型检验了区域相对差异的条件收敛特征。研究结果表明,我国林业劳动生产率呈快速上升趋势,空间上呈现东、中、西依次递减的分布格局,区间差异在逐步缩小,区域内差异在逐年扩大。全国整体及东、中、西三大区域同时存在显著的条件收敛特征,林业发展落后地区的追赶效应更为突出,林权制度改革实施显著加快了区域林业劳动生产率的收敛速度。林业产业结构调整和技术创新对劳动生产率提升的驱动效应非常显著。经济发展在2008年以后的拉动效应更为明显,之前的增长动力对森林资源蓄积量的禀赋依赖度更高。为实现我国林业的转型发展,应着力优化林业资本要素的区域配置、加快产业结构调整以及促进技术创新。

This article takes the labor productivity of the regional forestry system as the research object, analyzes the evolution of absolute differences among 30 provincial administrative regions from 2000-2018 by the Theil index, and examine the conditional convergence characteristics of regional relative differences with a panel fixed-effects model. The findings show that China’s forestry labor productivity is on a rapid upward trend, with a spatially decreasing distribution pattern in the east, middle and west, with inter-regional differences gradually narrowing and intra-regional differences expanding year by year. There is a significant convergence of conditions in the country as a whole and in the three regions of east, middle and west at the same time, and the catching-up effect is more prominent in the regions lagging behind in forestry development, and the implementation of forestry rights system reform has significantly accelerated the convergence of regional forestry labor productivity. The driving effect of forestry industry restructuring and technological innovation on labor productivity improvement is very significant, and the pull effect of economic development is more obvious after 2008, when the previous growth drivers were more dependent on the endowment of forest resource accumulation. In order to achieve the transformational development of China’s forestry industry, efforts should be made to optimize the regional allocation of forestry capital factors, accelerate industrial restructuring, and promote technological innovation.