辽河三角洲滨海湿地水域初级生产力研究进展

Research progress on primary productivity of coastal wetland waters in Liao River Delta

滨海湿地位于海洋与陆地生态系统的交错过渡带,具有极高的生产力和光合固碳效率,是海岸带蓝色碳汇的重要组成部分。滨海湿地生产力不仅由芦苇、翅碱蓬、红树林等陆上植被提供,水体中浮游植物的光合固碳也是提供初级生产力的重要途径。以往较多的调查和研究集中在陆上植被,而对于滨海湿地水域浮游植物和底栖微藻的报道较少。近年来随着各国政府和学者对二氧化碳排放和气候变化的关注,滨海湿地多圈层生态系统的碳循环和碳汇过程成为研究热点,而湿地水域生产力和光合固碳过程作为多圈层碳循环中重要的一个环节亦应受到足够的重视。以中国北方典型的盐沼湿地区域−−辽河三角洲滨海湿地为案例,对湿地水域生产力研究进展进行综述,并对其影响因素进行讨论,以期为国家碳循环与碳中和目标调查提供参考资料。

Located in the transitional zone between marine and terrestrial ecosystems,coastal wetland has extremely high productivity and photosynthetic carbon sequestration efficiency,which is an important part of the coastal blue carbon sink.The productivity of coastal wetlands depends not only on terrestrial vegetation such as reed,seablite and mangrove,but also on photosynthetic carbon fixation of phytoplankton in water.However,more studies in the past focused on terrestrial vegetation,and few reports on phytoplankton and benthic microalgae in coastal wetland waters.In recent years,the carbon cycle and carbon sink process of the multi-sphere ecosystem of coastal wetland have become research hotspots with the attention from governments and scientists to carbon dioxide emissions and climate change.As a key link of the multi-sphere carbon cycle,the productivity and photosynthetic carbon sequestration in wetland waters should be paid more attention.In this paper,the coastal wetland of Liao River Delta,a typical salt marsh region in northern China,was taken as a case study to review the research progress of wetland water productivity and discuss its influencing factors,to provide a reference for fullfilling the national carbon cycle and carbon neutralization commission.