城市社区的邻里性本质及其影响机制研究——以广州15个社区为例

Research on the neighboring and its influence mechanisms:A case study of 15 communities in Guangzhou

当前中国的城市与社会面临着多元的剧烈重构,存在种种问题与挑战,人本回归的发展命题下,社区更是一个意义深远的实践单元。中国社区研究多针对某一主题内容如治理、情感、环境等开展具体实证分析,而全面系统性的社区基础研究相对缺乏。本研究基于“人文”与“结构”的理论分析视角,结合社区的本质内涵辨析,对社区进行“内核-外核”的系统建构;具体选择广州15个样本社区,基于3302份问卷调研数据,采用结构方程模型剖析社区系统的运作逻辑,重点探究作为社区本质的邻里性的影响机制。研究发现:①社区系统蕴含了多元的有机结构和丰富的运作逻辑。②物质空间属性相较其他属性变量,对邻里性具有相对最强的正向效应力,同时又与其他维度属性紧密相关,体现其关键地位。③在社区系统中,四个维度属性对邻里性水平的影响呈现了差异化的特征,体现了相应的运作内涵。

At present,Chinese cities and society face multiple and drastic reconstructions with various problems and challenges,and as the people-oriented development proposition becomes popular again,communities in cities become the practice units with long-term significance.Domestic community studies mostly conduct empirical approaches to research on an individual topic,such as governance,emotion,and environment,whereas comprehensive and systematic community-based studies remain scant.This study analyzes the essential connotations of communities and constructs the system of"inner-outer core"of a community from the theoretical perspectives of"humanity"and"structure".Based on survey data of 3302questionnaires from a total of 15 sample communities in Guangzhou and using the Structural Equation Model,this study analyzes the operating logic of the community system,with a focus on exploring the neighboring as the essence of the community and its influence mechanism.The findings are as follows:(1)community system contains multiple organic structures and different operating logics,with a wealth of endogenous driving energy;(2)compared with other attribute variables,physical space attribute has the strongest positive effect on the neighboring,and it is closely related to other dimensional attributes,which reflects that physical space occupies the key position among these variables;(3)in the community system,the influence of the four dimensions on the level of neighboring shows different characteristics,which reflect corresponding operating mechanism.In terms of the"inner core",there are multiple correlations among the three factors of neighboring,which contain rich endogenous potential;as for the"outer core",there are mutual influences among the four-dimensional attributes.Each dimensional attribute has various direct and indirect action paths and different effects on neighboring.Nowadays,it is necessary to return to the essence of community to analyze the system’s operational connotation,and then to explore the corresponding development strategies.In various practices,we need to pay attention to neighboring as the“inner core”and the endogenous driving force contained therein,to emphasize the efficient integration and mutual interaction between the various dimensional attributes and the community’s sense of home,cohesion,and action,and cultivate the community’s own energy and capital to form an"endogenous drive"type of benign development.