助产士产科操作项目工作负荷的工效学风险评价

Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Midwives’Workload of Obstetric Procedures

目的评价产科操作项目工效学风险,了解其对助产士健康造成的影响。方法于2021年4-6月,便利抽样选取65名助产士名作为研究对象,采用快速暴露检查法,通过现场观察员评价平产接产、会阴切开缝合、阴道助产和新生儿复苏等4项产科操作的负荷水平。结果<30岁年龄段、低年资(工作1~5年)、大专学历、夜班的助产士工作负荷总分最高,与其他特征组别比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);助产士产科操作项目全身工效学负荷处于高负荷水平,其中:平产接产操作下肢工效学负荷最高,会阴缝合、阴道助产操作手腕负荷最高。结论助产士工作负荷处于高水平,产科操作项目对助产士工效学负荷较高,应引起管理者对护士自身的关注。

Objective To assess the ergonomic risk of obstetric procedures and explore their impact on midwives’health.Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select 65 midwives from April to June,2021.The quick exposure check method was used to assess the workload of four obstetric procedures,including midwifery of normal delivery,perineal incision suture,vaginal midwifery and neonatal resuscitation,by field observers.Results Those midwives who were younger than 30 years old,with working experience of 1 to 5 years,and associate degree,as well as working in night shifts reported highest workload scores,with statistical significance found when compared with groups with other characteristics(all P<0.05).The systemic ergonomic workload of obstetric procedures among midwives were at a high level.The midwifery of normal delivery imposed highest workload on lower extremities,while the perineal suture and vaginal midwifery imposed highest workload on wrists.Conclusions The workload of midwives is at a high level.Obstetrics procedures may impose high ergonomic workload on midwives,which should arouse the attention of managers on midwives themselves.