小儿先天性耳廓形态畸形无创矫正疗效分析

Analysis of nonsurgical treatment of congenital auricle deformities in infants

目的 分析应用耳模矫治器无创矫正小儿先天性耳廓形态畸形的疗效,为提高矫正效果提供指导。方法 选取2021年1—6月收治的65例(95耳)先天性耳廓形态畸形患儿为研究对象,根据年龄分为3组,≤7 d为A组(31耳),8~42 d为B组(50耳),>42 d为C组(14耳),使用EarWell耳模矫治器治疗,记录3组患儿矫正时间、矫正效果及其并发症。结果 3组矫正时间之间比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且A组时间明显短于B、C组两组;显效及治愈率3组比较均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),且A组优于B组,B组优于C组;3组并发症发病率各组间无统计学意义(P>0.05),并发症主要为湿疹,经涂布抗湿疹药后均于2 d内消退。结论 耳模矫治器无创矫正小儿先天性耳廓形态畸形疗效显著,年龄越小,显效及治愈率越高,矫治时间越短。

Objective To analyze the nonsurgical treatment effect of ear molding device for congenital auricle deformities in infants, and to provide guidance for improvement of efficacy.Methods A total of 65 infants(95 ears) with congenital auricle deformities admitted from Jan to June 2021 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into 3 groups according to the initial age of correction: group A(≤7 days)(n=31), group B(8-42 days)(n=50), and group(C >42 days)(n=14). The correction time, correction effect and complications of 3 groups were recorded and compared.Results The correction time of group A was significantly shorter than those of group B and group C(P<0.05). The differences of effect and cure rate among the three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05), group A was better than group B, and group B was better than group C. The differences of incidence of complications among the three groups were statistically insignificant(P>0.05). The main complication was eczema, which resolved within 2 days after application of anti-eczema drugs.Conclusions The nonsurgical treatment by ear molding device is effective for congenital auricular deformities. The earlier the child receives the treatment, the better the effect and the shorter the correction time are.