基于TOPSIS的塞罕坝生态模式生态环境影响评价

Ecological Environment Impact Assessment of Saihanba Ecological Model Based on TOPSIS

随着中国经济高速发展,工业化城镇化建设活动逐渐侵蚀到周边的自然生态地区,出现了自然资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化等一系列生态问题。针对塞罕坝的生态模式,构建了一个生态环境影响评价模型,有利于生态环境的修复和经济高质量可持续发展。根据初步筛选的16个相关的生态评价因子,利用person相关系数对特征指标进行去冗余处理,降低各种发展及其不平衡性对模型准确性的影响,采用TOPSIS算法进行评估,进而建立生态环境评分模型,实现生态环境的定量比较与分析。结果发现,塞罕坝生态模式下生态环境评价得分逐年增高,由1962年的得分0.0194上升为2021年的得分0.294,生态修复能力逐渐增强。塞罕坝地区的生态模式有效提升了当地生态环境水平。

With China’s rapid economic development, industrialized and urbanization construction activities gradually encroach on the surrounding natural ecological areas, resulting in a series of ecological problems such as tightening natural resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation. An ecological environment impact assessment model was constructed for the ecological model of Saihanba, which is conducive to the restoration of ecological environment and high-quality sustainable economic development. Based on the preliminary screening of 16 relevant ecological evaluation factors, the characteristic indicators were de-redundantly processed using person correlation coefficients to reduce the influence of various developments and their imbalances on the accuracy of the model, and the TOPSIS algorithm was used for assessment, and then an ecological environment scoring model was established to achieve quantitative comparison and analysis of the ecological environment. It was found that the ecological environment assessment score under Saihanba ecological model increased year by year, from a score of 0.019 4 in 1962 to a score of 0.294 in 2021, and the ecological restoration capacity gradually increased. The ecological model of Saihanba Area has effectively improved the level of local ecological environment.