垦造水田设计中的水土保持理念及应用实践

Application and Practice of Soil and Water Conservation Concept in Design of Paddy Field Reclamation in Guangdong

垦造水田工程是实现“占补平衡”的重要举措,也是“藏粮于田”的粮食安全策略。广东省较大部分的水田后备资源为坡耕地或坡园地,存在不同程度的水土流失。如何实现在耕地开发的同时进行水土资源保护和水土流失治理的有效融合,直接关系后续的耕地可持续发展。该文以台山市端芬镇那泰和三洞村委会垦造水田项目为研究案例,通过揉合水土保持中坡改梯、表土剥离保护、综合治理、土石方优化利用等理念解决现场资源短缺困境,同时配套建设灌溉排水和田间道路等工程措施,打造“水通”、“路畅”的生态型坡改梯水田工程,进行保水保土耕作,为水土保持坡耕地生态建设提供参考。

Paddy field reclamation is an important measure to achieve the requisition-compensation balance,and also an important food security strategy.Most of the reserve resources of paddy fields in Guangdong Province are sloping clutivated land or sloping garden land,of which soil with different erosion degrees.It is directly related to the subsequent sustainable development of cultivated land for the effective integration of soil and water resources protection and soil erosion control when cultivated land reclamation.We present application of the concepts of transforming slope farmland into terrace,topsoil protection,comprehensive control,optimal utilization of earthwork to solve the problem of resource shortage,with the examples of the design of the paddy field reclamation project of Natai and Sandong village of Taishan city.At the same time,we also present reference for the ecological construction of transforming slope farmland into terrace by an ecological slope to terrace paddy field project with taking engineering measures such as irrigation and drainage and field roads.