多靶点CAR-T细胞治疗肿瘤的研究进展

Research Progress of Multi-target CAR-T Cell Therapy for Cancer

嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)是一种过继细胞免疫疗法,其通过基因手段改造T细胞,从而发挥肿瘤靶向杀伤作用。CAR-T细胞疗法在治疗肿瘤,特别是血液系统恶性肿瘤方面具有显著的作用,但在实体肿瘤中作用不佳。单靶点的CAR-T在应用的过程中容易出现脱靶效应,存在复发或更加难治的风险。双靶点或多靶点CAR-T的开发有望扩大靶细胞抗原覆盖率,有效避免抗原逃逸和防止肿瘤复发,延长患者的生存时间。本文综述了目前多靶点嵌合抗原受体T细胞的研究进展,并探讨了其发展的前景。

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T)is a kind of adoptive cell immunotherapy,in which T cells are genetically modified to exert targeted killing effect on tumors.CAR-T cell therapy has shown remarkable antitumor efficacy for the treatment of tumors,especially for hematological malignancies,but is less effective in solid tumors.Single-target CAR-T is prone to off-target effect during application,and there is a risk of relapse or more refractory treatment.The development of double-target or multi-target CAR-T is expected to extend the antigen coverage of target cells,effectively avoids antigen escape and prevents tumor recurrence,and prolongs the survival time of patients.This article reviews the advances of multi-target chimeric antigen receptor T cell,and discusses the prospect of its development.