分析肿瘤患者应用抗肿瘤药物后引起的各种不良反应及其程度和相关因素

Analysis of the Various Adverse Reactions Caused by the Application of Anti-tumor Drugs in Cancer Patients,Their Extent and Related Factors

目的 研究分析肿瘤患者应用抗肿瘤药物后引起的各种不良反应及其程度和相关因素。方法 将2020年1月-2021年7月乌兰察布市中心医院药剂科收治的应用抗肿瘤药物后引起不良反应的100例肿瘤患者作为本次研究对象,对所有患者的年龄、性别、药物肿瘤、给药方式以及给药途径等临床信息进行对比研究,分析肿瘤患者应用抗肿瘤药物后引起各种不良反应的原因。结果 所有患者中有45例患者出现胃肠道刺激,占比为45.0%,出现骨髓抑制反应、神经系统损伤、以及循环系统损伤的患者次之;在铂类、抗代谢药物、植物药、靶向药物、抗肿瘤抗生素、中药以及激素类等肿瘤药物中,铂类药物所引起的不良反应发生率更多;男性和女性肿瘤患者的不良反应发生率差异不大。结论 肿瘤患者在药物治疗后出现不良反应的原因与肿瘤患者的年龄、用药时间以及用药方式有关,在治疗时要根据药物的特性和患者的临床情况制定针对性方案,避免不良反应的发生,提高用药稳定性和安全性,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To study and analyze the various adverse reactions and their severity and related factors caused by the application of anti-tumor drugs in cancer patients.Methods One hundred cases of adverse reactions caused by the application of anti-tumor drugs to cancer patients who received treatment in the undergraduate room from January 2020 to July 2021 were the objects of this study.The clinical information of all patients such as age,gender,drug tumor,mode of administration and route of administration were compared,and the causes of various adverse reactions caused by antitumor drugs were analyzed.Results Among all patients,45 patients had gastrointestinal irritation,accounting for 45.0%,patients with bone marrow suppression,nervous system damage,and circulatory system damage followed.Platinum,antimetabolites,botanicals,targeted drugs,anti-tumor antibiotics,Chinese medicines,hormones and other tumor drugs caused by platinum-based adverse reactions are more common.There is little difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between male and female cancer patients.Conclusion Adverse reactions of cancer patients after drug treatment are related to their age,medication time and medication mode.During treatment,a targeted plan should be formulated according to the characteristics of the drug and the patient’s clinical condition to avoid adverse reactions and improve medication.Stability and safety contribute to improving the quality of life of patients.