幼儿园教师工作压力真的很大吗?——基于2010年以来国内47项实证研究的元分析

Are Preschool Teachers Really Stressful?——A Meta-analysis Based on 47 Domestic Empirical Studies Since 2010

幼儿园教师工作压力不仅影响其队伍的稳定性,而且会影响学前教育事业的可持续发展。笔者采用元分析法探讨我国幼儿园教师工作压力现状,通过文献检索和筛选,共纳入文献47篇。结果表明,我国幼儿园教师整体工作压力感受程度偏低;从幼儿园教师各层面工作压力来看,主要源于“社会地位与工资待遇”“工作负荷”“幼儿园管理”的影响,而“人际关系”与“幼儿因素”并未给幼儿园教师压力造成影响。研究建议,国家应尽快出台《学前教育法》;幼儿园应切实减轻教师负担;教师应提高自身的专业化水平。

The work stress of preschool teachers not only affects the stability of their team,but also affects the sustainable development of preschool education.In this study,meta-analysis is used to explore the current situation of preschool teachers’work stress in China.Through literature retrieval and screening,a total of 47 literatures are included.The results have showed that the overall work stress of preschool teachers in China is relatively low;from the perspective of preschool teachers’work stress at all levels,the work stress mainly originates from the influence of“social status and salary”,“work load”and“kindergarten management”;and“interpersonal relationship”and“preschool children”do not lead to preschool teachers’work stress.It is advisable that the state should promulgate the Preschool Education Law as soon as possible;kindergartens should effectively reduce the burden on their teachers;and preschool teachers themselves should improve their professional level.